The main regulations covering pressure equipment and pressure systems are the pressure equipment regulations 1999 and the pressure systems safety regulations 2000. A choice of three safety head designs is available, male inlet, female inlet straight, and tee type. These are to be found in such different areas as polymerization, catalytic reactions, separations, oil and gas recovery, food processing, biocatalysis and more. A firewall partition five feet high with a halfhour fire rating. With this system, personnel and work pieces are separated using a mobile safety wall. To maintain and continue to improve the current safety record for the. Typical high pressure cylinders have 1800 3000 psi. Reviews standards and hazardcontrol measures associated with compressed gas and equipment. Natural gas is moved through pipelines as a result of a series of compressors creating pressure differen tials the gas flows from an area of high pressure to an area of relatively lower pressure. Institute of japan khk strives as hard as possible to provide accurate information, please be advised.
It is a device used to contain the contents of the cylinder that is under pressure. Are all compressed gas cylinder valve covers in place when cylinders are not in use. Where none are appointed, employers should consult the workforce direct. The use of compressed air for cleaning purposes with a pressure greater than 30 p. Compressed hydrogen cylinder research and testing in. Matters related to the mid and longterm safety control policies concerning high pressure gas, liquefied petroleum gas as defined in. Reviews standards and hazardcontrol measures associated with pressurized tanks and containers. On one side, the part to be cleaned is fixed onto a movable table, which can be operated by a steering wheel. This prevents the highpressure gas from leaking out through the threaded stem. Overview of the general high pressure gas safety ordinance. Today, more is expected from the performance of the pressure regulator. The purpose of a high pressure gas cylinder is to serve as a reliable source of a. September 2012 pressure testing safety page 4 also site manager shall ensure that any pressure testing is carried out following a specific procedure agreed by all concerned parties performer, person in charge of the installation.
Employers have a further duty to consult any safety or employee representatives on health and safety matters. For example, flammable gases must be stored separately from oxidizing gases by a distance of 20 feet or a 5 foot high, onehour fire rated wall. Use appropriate equipment when handling portable cylinder banks. Most compressed gas cylinders, whether they are ultrahigh purity or industrial grade, will be pressurized to around 2000 psi. The gas cylinder valve is the primary safety mechanism on a gas cylinder and shall not be tampered with. This reduces the risk of explosion and allows for the cylinder valve to be closed quickly to cut off the gas flow. State plans are required to have standards and enforcement programs. High pressure distribution system means a distribution system in which the gas pressure in the main is higher than the pressure provided to the customer. Gas categories air liquide america specialty gases 800. Hydrogen gas safety 7 components of the supply systems pressure relief devices in any pressurized system, each component of the system must have a pressure rating that equals or exceeds the maximum allowable working pressure mawp. Handling, storage, and use of compressed gas cylinders. If the valve breaks, the sudden release of compressed gas can turn it into a. If the volume of gas is not known, assume that the cylinder is full. Physical hazards of compressed gas cylinders pressure weight stability mechanical failure movement.
Compressed gases can cause fires, explosions, oxygen deficient atmospheres, toxic gas exposures as well as the innate physical hazard associated with cylinders under high pressure. Permit smoking or open flames in oxidizer or flammable gas storage areas. Compressed gas safety manual depaul university, chicago. Pressure testing using gas should only be carried out in circumstances where. Compressors are powered by electric or natural gas fired engines that compress or squeeze incoming gas and push it out at a higher pressure. Acetylene or other flammable gas cylinder valves should not be opened more than. The most famous high pressure process is the socalled haberbosch process used for fertilizers and which was. Compressed gas safety environment, health and safety. A 36minute high pressure gas release resulted, estimated at approximately 793 kg.
Pressure relief devices prds are viewed as essential safety measures for high pressure gas storage and distribution systems. Are all compressed gas cylinders stored so they do not interfere with exit paths. Turning counterclockwise reduces or stops the gas flow. Safety and health topics compressed gas and equipment. Special storage, use, handling and disposal procedures are necessary to ensure the safety of researchers using these chemicals and equipment. Flammable gases, such as well gases, vapors, and hydrogen sulfide, can be released from wells, trucks, production equipment or surface equipment such as tanks and shale shakers. A high pressure boiler can be a power boiler creating steam or other vapor at more than 15 psig, or a high pressure, high temperature water boiler, operating at more than 160 psig or 250 degrees fahrenheit. Safety relief devices for compressed gas containers. Review the pretest safety plan, including the piping system drawings, just guide to pressure testing safety. High pressure lines high pressure lines, whether compressed air hoses, hydraulic lines or water spray operations for daily decontamination, need to be properly managed as they represent an array of hazards to the operator as well as persons within the immediate area. Singlestage regulators are used when precise control of delivery pressure is not required. Compressed hydrogen cylinder research and testing in accordance with fmvss 304. This procedure applies to all brieser personnel and subcontractors working on projects where high pressure washer requirements are applicable. The high pressure gas safety act is a law that was first enacted in 1922 as the high.
An example of the application and interpretation of the high pressure gas safety act. The temperature of burning hydrogen in air is high 3,7. Clarification that a safety device to automatically cut off the flow of compressed air applies only to pneumatic power tools. Expose cylinders to corrosive materials such as ice melting compounds. The control room was notified by an inspection crew of a gas release from a compromised seal in a high pressure sales gas meter assembly owned and operated by a third party pipeline operator. The high pressure gas safety act was issued in 1951, as briefly described in 2. Gas cylinder safety guidelines solutions soap and water or leak test instruments.
Acetylene may decompose violently under pressure in excess of 15 pounds per square. Gas means natural gas, flammable gas, or gas which is toxic or corrosive. Never heat a cylinder to raise the pressure of the gas this can defeat the safety. Safety and health topics oil and gas extraction safety. Pressure relief devices for highpressure gaseous storage systems. Gas cylinders can explode when exposed to high temperatures, e.
Using highpressure helium and nitrogen, estimates of safe exclusion. The high pressure carbon dioxide system is especially effective for nonoccupied hazards. Release pressure from systems before connections are tightened or loosened and before any repairs. A new line of protective gear, including gloves, coveralls, aprons, jackets, and pants, can withstand high levels of pressure. Cylinder valves are fitted with pressure relief valves of different types depending on the cylinder. Compressed gases must be extracted from the storage vessel using pressure reducers. The male inlet design can be inserted directly into the tubing connections of valves and various fittings such as tees and crosses, or located in pressure vessels. Pressure relief devices prds are viewed as essential safety measures for highpressure gas storage and distribution systems. The pressure at which gases are contained in gas cylinders can be extremely high. Compressed gas and equipment occupational safety and health. Pressure regulators lower the gas pressure to a useable level. Gas cylinder safety guidelines iowa state university. Oregon plus s fact sheet fact sheet compressed gas.
Continual advances in cylinder technology will enable pressures to be increased even further. The highpressure safety gloves provide protection and flexibility to. Background of the establishment of the general high pressure gas safety ordinance. Compressed gas cylinders shall only be handled by those familiar with the hazards and who understand how to safely handle transport and store compressed gas cylinders. The compressed gas safety manual was created to ensure the safe use of compressed gases and all associated equipment by depaul university employees and students, and to ensure compliance with applicable osha and industry consensus standards. Founded in 19, the compressed gas association is dedicated to the development and promotion of safety standards in the industrial, medical, and food gases industry.
The leaflet does not cover gas cylinders now called transportable pressure receptacles or transportable pressure vessels, or tanks and tank containers. In the gas regulators conception it was mainly a device used to reduce high pressure to a more usable lower pressure. Industrial high pressure processes open the door to many reactions that are not possible under normal conditions. There are two kinds of pressure regulator designs, which appear similar. Common oxidizing gases include chlorine, nitrous oxide, and fluorine. The history of the high pressure gas safety act in the overview of the high pressure gas safety act. The mawp is the maximum pressure at which a system is safe to operate. The control room was notified by an inspection crew of a gas release from a compromised seal in a highpressure sales gas meter assembly owned and operated by a third party pipeline operator. Be sure to remove the cylinder from your inventory when it is removed from your lab. Gathering line means a pipeline that transports gas from a current production facility to a transmission line or main. Fuel containers, iso 11439, gas cylinders high pressure cylinders for the onboard storage of natural gas as a fuel for automotive vehicles, and fmvss 304. Only qualified technicians should clean or repair a regulator.
Personnel safety with pressurized gas systems osti. Matters related to the mid and longterm safety control policies concerning highpressure gas, liquefied petroleum gas as defined in. As hydraulic systems become more complex, and pressures. Do all compressed gas cylinders have safety pressure relief valves. The water tool is mounted on a telescopic lance and can be steered from the other side of the safety wall. The high pressure safety gloves provide protection and flexibility to. Handling, storage, and use of compressed gas cylinders air products. The compressed gas safety manual was created to ensure the safe use of compressed. When opening the valve on a cylinder containing an irritating or toxic gas, the user should position the cylinder with the valve pointing.
The high pressure gas safety institute of japan khk. Occupational safety and health a service of the department of labour wellington, new zealand 1st edition 1983. They require pipeline operators to design, build and operate pipelines to ensure that. Compressed gas safety program ohio state university. In a highpressure injection injury, jets of gas issuing from a nozzle or leaking from. There are twentyeight oshaapproved state plans, operating statewide occupational safety and health programs. The internal working parts of the regulator are precision units. Test and repair pressure safety valves technologypractice overview description if a pressure surge in a compressor, pipeline, or pressure vessel exceeds the maximum operating pressure for the system, pressure safety valves psvs, or pressure relief valves, prvs will open and vent excess gas to the atmosphere. If you are unfamiliar with the hazards associated with a particular gas, equipment.
High pressure water jetting in the oil and gas industry. Two standards in development to evaluate the safety of highpressure hydrogen cylinders include. The pressure adjusting screw turning clockwise allows the gas to flow. A high pressure boiler contains enough energy to cause violent destruction if misused.
The backpressure set at the pressure reducer must not be higher than the. Hydrogen gas safety 4 properties of hydrogenncontinued flammability hydrogen burns with a nearly invisible bluish flame, unless it is contaminated with impurities, in which case a paleyellow flame is easily visible in the dark. Safety data sheets sds must be obtained and maintained for all compressed gases. Compressed gas cylinders, portable tanks, and cargo tanks shall have pressure relief devices installed and maintained in accordance with compressed gas association pamphlets cga s1. Gas categories 4 air liquide america specialty gases 800. The primary hazard for acetylene and propane is flammability. This training provides safety guidelines for the protection of personnel during the cleaning of systems and equipment utilizing high pressure water jets. Are cylinder valves closed at all times, except when the valve is in use. Hydrogen gas safety 7 components of the supply systems pressurerelief devices in any pressurized system, each component of the system must have a pressure rating that equals or exceeds the maximum allowable working pressure mawp. They have a high center of gravity, and extreme care must be taken during their movement. A gas contained at a high pressure that presents a. Prds are installed on highpressure gas storage containers. Five simple steps for compressed gas safety safety. Never allow storage temperature to exceed 125f 52c.
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